Biotechnology Principles and Processes Class 12 MCQ. We covered all the Biotechnology Principles and Processes Class 12 MCQ in this post for free so that you can practice well for the exam.
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MCQ on Biotechnology Principles and Processes for NEET Students
Which of the following gene controls cotton bollworms in Bt crops?
(A) cryIAc
(B) crylAb
(C) cryllAb
(D) Both (A) and (C)
Option d – Both (A) and (C)
Inactivation of antibiotic resistance gene in a vector helps in the selection of ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) transformed bacterial cells
(B) competent bacterial cells
(C) recombinant bacterial cells
(D) none of the above
Option c – recombinant bacterial cells
During which step of the polymerase chain reaction do primers bind to ssDNA?
(A) Polymerisation
(B) Annealing
(C) Denaturation
(D) Transformation
Option b – Annealing
Taq polymerase is required for which of the following step(s) in a PCR reaction? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) Denaturation of template DNA
(B) Extension of primer end on the template DNA
(C) Annealing of primers to template DNA
(D) All of the above
Option b – Extension of primer end on the template DNA
Identify the INCORRECT statement with respect to restriction enzymes.
(A) They recognize only palindromic nucleotide sequences.
(B) They have endonuclease activity.
(C) They are generally isolated from viruses.
(D) They produce the same kind of sticky ends in different DNA molecules.
Option c – They are generally isolated from viruses.
What is the advantage of stirred-tank bioreactors? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) It purifies the product
(B) It ensures anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel
(C) It ensures availability of oxygen throughout the process
(D) All of the above
Option c – It ensures availability of oxygen throughout the process
Assertion: PCR is used for the detection of HIV in suspected patients. Reason: PCR can detect extremely low concentrations of viruses in the human body by amplification of their nucleic acid.
(A) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(C) Assertion is true but the reason is false.
(D) Both assertion and reason are false.
Option a – Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Infection by pathogens can be detected by which of the following biomolecule(s)? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) Glycoproteins
(B) Proteins
(C) Nucleic acid
(D) All of the above
Option d – All of the above
In rDNA technology, the selection of white colonies of bacteria in the presence of chromogenic substrate is possible because of
(A) insertional inactivation of B-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria
(B) presence of the ß-galactosidase gene in recombinant bacteria
(C) insertional inactivation of B-galactosidase in non-recombinant bacteria
(D) inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria
Option a – insertional inactivation of B-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria
Which of the following changes occurs during the processing of proinsulin into mature insulin? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) B-peptide is added to proinsulin.
(B) C-peptide is removed from proinsulin.
(C) C-peptide is added to proinsulin
(D) A-peptide is removed from proinsulin.
Option b – C-peptide is removed from proinsulin.
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT with respect to PCR?
(A) Repeated amplification is possible due to the thermostable DNA polymerase isolated from Thermus aquaticus.
(B) Two sets of chemically synthesized oligonucleotides, that are complementary to each other, are used as primers.
(C) Deoxynucleotides are required during the extension step of PCR.
(D) DNA can be amplified to approximately 1 billion copies using PCR.
Option b – Two sets of chemically synthesized oligonucleotides, that are complementary to each other, are used as primers.
Read the following statements and select the correct option. Statement I: Asexual reproduction is more important than sexual reproduction with regard to biotechnology. Statement II: Asexual reproduction preserves genetic information while sexual reproduction permits variations. ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) Statement I is correct, and Statement II is incorrect.
(B) Statement I is incorrect, and Statement II is correct.
(C) Both Statements I and II are correct.
(D) Both Statements I and II are incorrect.
Option b – Statement I is incorrect, and Statement II is correct.
Based on the nomenclature of the restriction endonuclease Hind III, the Roman numeral indicates
(A) number of cuts on DNA
(B) the order of discovery from source
(C) number of recombinants formed
(D) number of times the enzyme is used
Option b – the order of discovery from source
Bt cotton is ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) insect resistant
(B) drought resistant
(C) salt-resistant
(D) all of the above
Option a – insect resistant
Which of the following correctly describes the condition required for activation of pro-Bt toxin in the gut of insect larvae?
(A) Acidic medium in the foregut
(B) Neutral medium in the hindgut
(C) Alkaline medium in the foregut
(D) Alkaline medium in the midgut
Option d – Alkaline medium in the midgut
Which of the following enzyme is NOT used while isolating DNA from plant cells? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) Cellulase
(B) Protease
(C) Deoxyribonuclease
(D) Ribonuclease
Option c – Deoxyribonuclease
Which enzymes helps to link an antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid vector?
(A) Exonucleases
(B) DNA polymerase
(C) DNA ligase
(D) Endonucleases
Option c – DNA ligase
Which of the following correctly describes the biochemical nature of Bt toxins? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) intracellular polysaccharides
(B) intracellular crystalline proteins
(C) extracellular crystalline proteins
(D) intracellular lipids
Option b – intracellular crystalline proteins
The nematode Meloidogyne incognita infects which part of the tobacco plant?
(A) Leaf
(B) Root
(C) Flower
(D) Stem
Option b – Root
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT with respect to the benefits of GM plants? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) Reduced reliance on chemical pesticides
(B) Early exhaustion of fertility of the soil
(C) Enhanced nutritional value of food
(D) Reduced post-harvest losses
Option b – Early exhaustion of fertility of the soil
Which of the following correctly describes the function of restriction enzymes?
(A) It links together two pieces of DNA.
(B) It cuts DNA at specific locations.
(C) It removes nucleotides only from the ends of the DNA.
(D) It catalyzes the synthesis of DNA.
Option b – It cuts DNA at specific locations.
In the context of the developments in Bioinformatics, the term ‘transcriptome’ sometimes seen in the news, refers to ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) a range of enzymes used in genome editing
(b) the full range of mRNA molecules expressed by an organism
(c) the description of the mechanism of gene expression
(d) a mechanism of genetic mutations taking place in cells
Option b – the full range of mRNA molecules expressed by an organism
What is the application of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) Technology?
(a) Production of biolarvicides
(b) Manufacture of biodegradable plastics
(c) Reproductive cloning of animals
(d) Production of organisms free of diseases
Option c – Reproductive cloning of animals
With reference to the recent developments in science which one of the following statements is not correct? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) Functional chromosomes can be created by joining segments of DNA taken from cells of different species.
(b) Pieces of artificial functional DNA can be created in laboratories.
(c) A piece of DNA taken out from an animal cell can be made to replicate outside a living cell in a laboratory.
(d) Cells taken out from plants and animals can be made to undergo cell division in laboratory Petri dishes.
Option a – Functional chromosomes can be created by joining segments of DNA taken from cells of different species
A genetically engineered form of brinjal, known as the Bt-brinjal, has been developed. The objective of this is
(a) to make it pest-resistant.
(b) to improve its taste and nutritive qualities.
(c) to make it drought-resistant.
(d) to make its shelf-life longer.
Option a – to make it pest-resistant
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee is constituted under the ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006
(b) Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999
(c) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
(d) Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
Option c – Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
The American multinational company, Monsanto, produced an insect-resistant cotton variety that has field trials in India. A toxic gene from which undergoing the following bacteria has been transferred to this one of the transgenic cottons?
(a) Bacillus subtilis
(b) Bacillus thuringiensis
(c) Bacillus anyloliquifanciens
(d) Bacillus globlii
Option b – Bacillus thuringiensis
Two bacteria found to be very useful in genetic engineering experiments are ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) Escherichia and Agrobacterium
(b) Nitrobacter and Azotobacter
(c) Rhizobium and Diplococcus
(d) Nitrosomonas and Klebsiella
Option a – Escherichia and Agrobacterium
Golden rice has the highest quantity of
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin C
(d) Vitamin K
Option a – Vitamin A
Which one of the following techniques can be used to establish the paternity of a child? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) Protein analysis
(b) Chromosome counting
(c) Quantitative analysis of DNA
(d) DNA fingerprinting
Option d – DNA fingerprinting
Insect-resistant cotton plants have been genetically engineered by inserting a gene from an
(a) virus
(b) bacterium
(c) insect
(d) plant
Option b – bacterium
Hybridoma technology is a new biotechnological approach to the commercial production of ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) monoclonal antibodies
(b) interferon
(c) antibiotics
(d) alcohol
Option a – monoclonal antibodies
Select the mis-matched pair
(a) Adrenaline : Pituitary gland
(b) Testosterone : Testes
(c) Estrogen : Ovary
(d) Thyroxin : Thyroid gland
Option a – Adrenaline : Pituitary gland
The hypothalamus, pineal gland and pitutary gland are located in the ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) brain
(b) kidneys
(c) lungs
(d) heart
Option a – brain
Electrical impulse travels in a neuron from
(a) dendrite → axon → axonal end → cell body
(b) cell body → dendrite →axon → axonal end
(c) dendrite → cell body → axon → axonal end
(d) axonal end → axon → cell body → dendrite
Option c – dendrite → cell body → axon → axonal end
Involuntary actions like blood pressure, vomiting and salivation are controlled by ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) cerebral cortex
(b) spinal cord
(c) central nervous system
(d) medulla in the hind brain
Option d – medulla in the hind brain
The brain is protected by
(a) cranium
(b) vertebral column
(c) spinal cord
(d) joints
Option a – cranium
Activities like walking in a straight line, riding a bicycle, picking up a pencil are controlled by ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) cerebrum
(b) cerebellum
(c) medulla oblongata
(d) spinal cord
Option b – cerebellum
The element required for the thyroid gland to make Thyroxine hormone is
(a) calcium
(b) phosphorus
(c) iodine
(d) magnesium
Option c – iodine
Adrenal glands are located above these organs ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) kidneys
(b) lung
(c) intestine
(d) stomach
Option a – kidneys
The sugar level in the blood is controlled by
(a) adrenal gland
(b) thyroid gland
(c) pancreas
(d) liver
Option c – pancreas
The changes associated with puberty in males & females is due to the secretion of ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) estrogen/testosterone
(b) testosterone/estrogen
(c) estrogen/growth hormone
(d) growth hormone/testosterone
Option b – testosterone/estrogen
Consider the following statements and choose the correct code. Assertion (A) : Regeneration in animals is one of the strategies to escape predation. Reason (R) : These strategies include the rearrangement of pre-existing tissue. Codes :
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is false, but R is true.
(d) Both A and R are false.
Option d – Both A and R are false
The waste materials in plants are stored in the form of ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) water
(b) gums and resins
(c) minerals
(d) sugar
Option b – gums and resins
Control and Co-ordination is provided by
(a) muscular System
(b) excretory System
(c) nervous System
(d) reproductive System
Option c – nervous System
The information acquired at the end of the dendritic tip sets off a chemical reaction. This creates an / a ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) action
(b) reaction
(c) electrical impulse
(d) potential
Option c – electrical impulse
The chemicals cross a region called
(a) synapse
(b) reflex arc
(c) impulse
(d) reception
Option a – synapse
The nervous tissue is made up of ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) nephrons
(b) neurons
(c) cells
(d) capillaries
Option b – neurons
The process of detecting the input and a quick response to it is called
(a) impulse
(b) action
(c) sensation
(d) reflex arc
Option d – reflex arc
The communication between CNS and other parts of the body is facilitated by ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) peripheral nervous system
(b) brain
(c) spinal cord
(d) reflexes
Option a – peripheral nervous system
The main thinking part of the brain is
(a) fore-brain
(b) mid-brain
(c) hind-brain
(d) medulla oblongata
Option a – fore-brain
Choose the correct path of urine in our body ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) kidney → ureter→ urethra → urinary bladder.
(b) kidney → urinary bladder → urethra → ureter.
(c) kidney → ureters → urinary bladder → urethra.
(d) urinary bladder → kidney → ureter → urethra.
Option c – kidney → ureters → urinary bladder → urethra
Which of the following statements are correct about the functions of the blood? 1. Transportation of oxygen. 2. Transportation of hormones. 3. Control of body temperature. 4. Excessive bleeding. Codes :
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Option c – 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following statements : 1. Femur is the smallest bone in the human body. 2. Stapes is the longest bone in the human body. 3. Enamel is the hardest part of the human body. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) All of the above
Option c – 3 only
Which of the following techniques is generally NOT used for early diagnosis of disease?
(A) PCR
(B) rDNA technology
(C) Serum and urine analysis
(D) ELISA
Option c – Serum and urine analysis
While carrying out gel electrophoresis ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) the DNA fragments resolve according to their size.
(B) the smaller DNA fragments separate first.
(C) the DNA fragments move towards the cathode under an electric field through the matrix.
(D) the DNA fragments are amplified.
Option a – the DNA fragments resolve according to their size.
Which of the following DNA segments is NOT a palindrome?
(A) 5’CCCGGG 3′ 3’GGGCCC 5′
(B) 5’GAATTC 3′ 3′ CTTAAG 5′
(C) 5’GGATCC 3′ 3’GGTACC 5′
(D) 5’GCGGCCGC 3′ 3’CGCCGGCG 5′
Option c – 5’GGATCC 3′ 3’GGTACC 5′
Which of the following cell components is used as a vector in rDNA technology? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) Plastids
(B) Mitochondria
(C) Lysosomes
(D) Plasmids
Option d – Plasmids
Which of the following statement is CORRECT with respect to transgenic animals?
(A) In Transgenic animals with genes coding for the human protein, a-1-antitrypsin is used to treat phenylketonuria.
(B) The first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced nutritionally balanced milk with high-fat content.
(C) 95% of all existing transgenic animals are pigs.
(D) For chemical safety testing transgenic animals are made more sensitive to toxic substances.
Option d – For chemical safety testing transgenic animals are made more sensitive to toxic substances.
In rDNA technology, the plasmid vector is cleaved by ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) an enzyme specific only to the plasmid vector and not to the donor DNA
(B) a heated alkaline solution
(C) the same enzyme that cleaves the donor DNA
(D) biolistics
Option c – the same enzyme that cleaves the donor DNA
Large-scale production of recombinant protein is carried out efficiently in which of the following culture systems?
(A) Stirred-tank bioreactors without inlets and outlets
(B) Laboratory flask of the largest capacity
(C) Continuous culture systems
(D) Laboratory flask maintained at optimum temperature
Option c – Continuous culture systems
Micro-particles used in biolistics are made up of which of the following elements? ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) Platinum or zinc
(B) Silver or platinum
(C) Silicon or platinum
(D) Gold or tungsten
Option d – Gold or tungsten
Which of the following bacterial species is used to produce genetically engineered insulin?
(A) Mycobacterium
(B) Rhizobium
(C) Saccharomyces
(D) Escherichia
Option d – Escherichia
The antibiotic resistance gene that enables transformed cells to grow on a medium containing ampicillin is the ( Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ )
(A) origin of replication
(B) selectable marker
(C) recombinant protein
(D) restriction site
Option b – selectable marker
Chilled ethanol used during the isolation of DNA
(A) precipitates DNA
(B) removes proteins such as histones
(C) facilitates the action of restriction enzymes
(D) breaks open the cell to release DNA
Option a – precipitates DNA
Assertion: Bt toxin gene is introduced into genetically modified crops like Bt corn to prevent crop losses due to plant pests. Reason: The toxin coded for by the cry gene kills larvae of insects.
(A) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(C) Assertion is true but the reason is false.
(D) Both assertion and reason are false.
Option a – Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Which of the following is TRUE for plasmids used in genetic engineering?
(A) They are linear
(B) They are self-replicating
(C) They are able to integrate with the host chromosome
(D) They can have only one copy per cell
Option b – They are self-replicating
DNA fragmented using restriction endonuclease can be separated by which of the following techniques?
(A) ELISA
(B) Electrophoresis
(C) Polymerase chain reaction
(D) Centrifugation
Option b – Electrophoresis
Assertion: Recognition site of restriction endonuclease should be preferably single. Reason: Restriction endonuclease cuts both strands of the double helix at specific points.
(A) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(C) Assertion is true but the reason is false.
(D) Both assertion and reason are false.
Option b – Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT with respect to Agrobacterium tumefacient?
(A) It is a pathogen infecting dicot plants.
(B) It delivers a piece of DNA, called T-DNA, which converts normal plant cells to tumor cells.
(C) Ti plasmid of A. tumefacient has been modified into a cloning vector that is not pathogenic to plants.
(D) Once a DNA fragment is ligated to the Ti plasmid it is transferred to a plant or animal host to multiply.
Option d – Once a DNA fragment is ligated to the Ti plasmid it is transferred to a plant or animal host to multiply.
Which of the following techniques is based on the principle of antigen-antibody interactions?
(A) PCR
(B) Gel electrophoresis
(C) ELISA
(D) Biolistics
Option c – ELISA
The lepidopterans against which Bt toxin is effective are
(A) armyworms
(B) beetles
(C) mosquitoes
(D) flies
Option a – armyworms
Identify which of the following statements is INCORRECT with respect to rDNA technology.
(A) E. coli cells do not carry genes for resistance against ampicillin.
(B) Bacteriophages replicate within bacterial cells, under the control of chromosomal DNA.
(C) Insertional inactivation of B-galactosidase results in the production of colorless colonies in presence of chromogenic substrate.
(D) A piece of DNA is introduced in a host bacterium by the process of transformation.
Option b – Bacteriophages replicate within bacterial cells, under the control of chromosomal DNA.
Biopiracy refers to the
(A) stealing of bioresources
(B) theft of plants and animals
(C) use of biopatents
(D) the exploitation of bioresources without authentic permission
Option d – the exploitation of bioresources without authentic permission
Which of the following group of organisms is the source of Bt toxin?
(A) Bacteria
(B) Fungi
(C) Virus
(D) Plant
Option a – Bacteria
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