Excretion Class 10 MCQ. We covered all the excretion mcq class 10 in this post for free so that you can practice well for the exam.
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Excretion Class 10 MCQ for Students
…….. is enclosed within the Bowman’s capsule.
(A) PCT
(B) Glomerulus
(C) DCT
(D) Henle’s loop
Option b – Glomerulus
Read the given statements and select the correct option. Statement I: Henle’s loop primarily helps to maintain the osmolarity gradient within the kidney interstitium. Statement II: Vasa recta emerge from the efferent arteriole.
(A) Statement I is correct.
(B) Statement II is correct.
(C) Both statements I and II are correct.
(D) Both statements I and II are incorrect.
Option c – Both statements I and II are correct.
The ascending limb continues to form a highly coiled tubular region called ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) vasa recta
(B) distal convoluted tubule
(C) proximal convoluted tubule
(D) loop of Henle
Option b – distal convoluted tubule
Vasa recta are absent or highly reduced in
(A) juxtamedullary nephrons
(B) cortical nephrons
(C) collecting duct
(D) none of these
Option b – cortical nephrons
Counter current mechanism operates between i. Ascending limb of the loop of Henle ii. Descending limb of the loop of Henle iii. Vasa recta iv. PCT
(A) i,ii,iii and iv
(B) ii,iii and iv
(C) ii and iii
(D) i,ii and iii
Option d – i,ii and iii
Glucose does not appear in the urine because it is filtered and reabsorbed in the renal tubules. However, in some conditions, the presence of high levels of glucose is detected in urine. Identify the condition. ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) Diabetes insipidus
(B) Diabetes mellitus
(C) Glomerulonephritis
(D) Uremia
Option b – Diabetes mellitus
A healthy individual on average excretes ……. gm of urea.
(A) 5-10
(B) 25-30
(C) 60-100
(D) 100-200
Option b – 25-30
Which of the following substance in the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by passive transport? ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) Lysine
(B) Glucose
(C) Na and Cr
(D) Uric acid
Option d – Uric acid
Aquatic insects excrete
(A) urea
(B) ammonia
(C) uric acid
(D) urease
Option b – ammonia
Identify the WRONG statement. ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) In mammals, ammonia produced by metabolism is converted into urea in the liver which is released into the blood and then excreted out by the kidneys.
(B) Some mammals retain some amount of urea in the kidney matrix to maintain osmolarity.
(C) In bony fishes, ammonia is excreted by diffusion.
(D) Compared to ammonia urea requires a large amount of water for its excretion.
Option d – Compared to ammonia urea requires a large amount of water for its excretion.
Assertion: Tadpole excretes ammonia whereas frog excretes urea. Reason: Terrestrial adaptations necessitated the production of lesser toxic nitrogenous wastes like urea.
(A) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(C) The assertion is true but the reason is false
(D) Both assertion and reason are false.
Option a – Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
The GFR of a healthy individual is
(A) 50 mL/min
(B) 150 liters/min
(C) 80 liters/day
(D) 180 liters/day
Option d – 180 liters/day
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT? ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) Glomerular filtration is a non-selective process.
(B) JGA of the kidney plays a significant role in the regulation of GFR.
(C) Nearly 99% of reabsorption of the filtrate occurs through different parts of the nephron.
(D) The collecting duct is the major site of selective secretion.
Option d – The collecting duct is the major site of selective secretion.
Juxta-Glomerular cells, under low glomerular blood flow, release
(A) Angiotensin-I
(B) Angiotensin-II
(C) Renin
(D) Aldosterone
Option c – Renin
The blood vessel leading into the Bowman’s capsule is called as ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) efferent arteriole
(B) afferent arteriole
(C) renal vein
(D) vasa recta
Option b – afferent arteriole
Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal parts of the tubule?
(A) Decrease in aldosterone levels
(B) Decrease in level of hormone – renin
(C) Increase in aldosterone levels
(D) Increase in the level of hormone – ANF
Option c – Increase in aldosterone levels
Identify the substance that is an osmoregulator as well as a nitrogenous waste. ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) Ammonia
(B) Uric acid
(C) Urea
(D) All of these
Option c – Urea
Part of the nephron impermeable to electrolytes is
(A) Distal convoluted tubule
(B) Descending limb of the loop of Henle
(C) Ascending limb of the loop of Henle
(D) Collecting duct
Option b – Descending limb of the loop of Henle
……… forms the excretory product in humans. ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) uric acid
(B) urea
(C) ammonia
(D) albumin
Option b – urea
Diuresis is the condition of
(A) accumulation of urea in the kidney
(B) accumulation of ketone bodies in the kidney
(C) increased production of urine
(D) decreased production of urine
Option c – increased production of urine
Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding hemodialysis. ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) It is a procedure suggested for individuals suffering from uremia.
(B) The dialyzing fluid has the same composition as that of plasma, except for nitrogenous waste.
(C) The dialysis unit contains a cellophane tube.
(D) Heparin is added to the blood before it is pumped back into the body through a vein.
Option d – Heparin is added to the blood before it is pumped back into the body through a vein.
…….. activates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone.
(A) Angiotensinogen
(B) Angiotensin I
(C) Angiotensin II
(D) Renin
Option c – Angiotensin II
The distal convoluted tubules of many nephrons join to form ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) Proximal convoluted tubule
(B) Ascending limb of Henle’s loop
(C) Collecting duct
(D) Descending limb of Henle’s loop.
Option c – Collecting duct
The following substances form the components of the dialyzing fluid, EXCEPT
(A) proteins
(B) glucose
(C) ammonia
(D) minerals
Option c – ammonia
Which of the following region of the nephron plays a significant role in the maintenance of high osmolarity? ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) PCT
(B) DCT
(C) Henle’s loop
(D) Collecting duct
Option c – Henle’s loop
Bowman’s capsule and ……… together form the Malpighian corpuscle.
(A) Vasa recta
(B) Proximal convoluted tubule
(C) Glomerulus
(D) Loop of Henle’s
Option c – Glomerulus
Terrestrial amphibians excrete ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) uric acid
(B) urea
(C) ammonia
(D) none of these
Option b – urea
Select the option that correctly identifies the sequence of processes of urine formation.
(A) Reabsorption, Glomerular filtration. Secretion
(B) Glomerular filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion
(C) Glomerular filtration, Secretion, Reabsorption
(D) Reabsorption, Secretion, Glomerular filtration
Option b – Glomerular filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion
Which of the following is a CORRECT function of aldosterone? ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) It converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
(B) It causes vasodilation.
(C) It causes the reabsorption of Na and water from the distal parts of the tubule.
(D) It controls micturition.
Option c – It causes the reabsorption of Na and water from the distal parts of the tubule.
Crustaceans like prawns excrete through
(A) Flame cells
(B) Protonephridia
(C) Malpighian tubule
(D) Antennal glands
Option d – Antennal glands
ANF causes ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) increase in blood pressure
(B) increase in glomerular blood pressure
(C) dilation of blood vessels
(D) atria of the heart to release rennin
Option c – dilation of blood vessels
……… is a tuft of capillaries formed from afferent arterioles.
(A) DCT
(B) PCT
(C) Glomerulus
(D) Vasa recta
Option c – Glomerulus
What will happen if due to old age the osmoreceptors do not function properly? ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) Decrease in reabsorption of water
(B) Urine becomes hypotonic than normal urine
(C) Excretion of voluminous urine
(D) All of these
Option d – All of these
What is common between urea, uric acid, and ammonia?
(A) All of them are equally toxic.
(B) All of them require less amount of water for excretion.
(C) All of them are nitrogenous waste products.
(D) All of them are formed in the lungs.
Option c – All of them are nitrogenous waste products.
Malpighian tubules are the ( Excretion Class 10 MCQ )
(A) excretory structures of mammals
(B) excretory structures of insects
(C) respiratory organs of annelids
(D) respiratory organs of rotifers
Option b – excretory structures of insects
Identify the region of the nephron located in the renal medulla.
(A) Renal corpuscle
(B) Glomerulus
(C) Distal convoluted tubule
(D) Henle’s loop
Option d – Henle’s loop
70 – 80% reabsorption of useful substances from glomerular filtrate occurs in
(A) Collecting duct
(B) Loop of Henle
(C) Proximal Convoluted Tubule
(D) Distal Convoluted Tubule
Option c – Proximal Convoluted Tubule
In humans, columns of Bertini formed in the kidney are the extensions of
(A) medulla into cortex
(B) pelvis into urethra
(C) medulla into pelvis
(D) cortex into medulla
Option d – cortex into medulla
Identify the CORRECT match with respect to parts of the nephron and their functions.
(A) Podocytes: Secrete enzymes renin, angiotensin, and ANF
(B) Loop of Henle: Maximum reabsorption occurs through its ascending limb
(C) Distal convoluted tubule: Maintains pH and sodium-potassium balance in the blood
(D) Collecting duct: Ultrafiltration of blood
Option c – Distal convoluted tubule: Maintains pH and sodium-potassium balance in the blood
The enzyme renin is secreted by
(A) atria of heart
(B) islets of Langerhans
(C) adrenal cortex
(D) JGA cells
Option d – JGA cells
Which of the following are uricotelic organisms?
(A) Frogs and toads
(B) Land snails, reptiles, and insects
(C) Monkey and snake
(D) Labeo and Catla
Option b – Land snails, reptiles, and insects
Read the following statements and select the correct option. Statement I: ANF mechanism acts as a check on the renin-angiotensin mechanism. Statement II: ANF causes vasoconstriction and thereby decreases blood pressure.
(A) Statement I is correct while Statement II is incorrect.
(B) Statement I is incorrect while Statement II is correct.
(C) Both statements are correct.
(D) Both statements are incorrect.
Option a – Statement I is correct while Statement II is incorrect.
We covered all the excretion class 10 MCQ above in this post for free so that you can practice well for the exam.
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