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Modern India MCQ UPSC for Students
The tribal assembly normally involved in the election of the king was
(a) Sabha
(b) Samiti
(c) Gana
(d) Vidhata
Option b – Samiti
The famous battle of ‘Ten Kings’ as described in the Rigveda was fought on the bank of
(a) Parushni
(b) Sarasvati
(c) Vipasa
(d) Asikni
Option a – Parushni
The System of Governance prevalent in the Vedic era was
(a) Autocratic
(b) Democratic
(c) Republic
(d) Descended monarchy
Option d – Descended monarchy
The battle of Mahabharata is believed to have been fought at Kurukshetra for
(a) 14 days
(b) 16 days
(c) 18 days
(d) 20 days
Option c – 18 days
Sabha of Vedic-era
(a) was an institution of mercantile people of the villages
(b) was a royal court
(c) was a council of ministers
(d) form the National Assembly of all the people of the state.
Option c – was a council of ministers
What were the two assemblies during the Early Vedic period?
(a) Samiti
(b) Sabha
(c) Samiti and Sangam
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Option d – Both (a) and (b)
The Rigvedic tribal assembly associated with Judicial function was
(a) sabha
(b) samiti
(c) vidatha
(d) All of these
Option a – sabha
The word ‘Gotra’ occurs for the first time in
(a) Rigveda
(b) Samaveda
(c) Yajurveda
(d) Atharvaveda
Option a – Rigveda
The staple food of the Vedic Aryan was
(a) barley and rice
(b) milk and its products
(c) rice and pulses
(d) vegetables and fruits
Option a – barley and rice
Who among the following wrote Sanskrit Grammar?
(a) Kalidas
(b) Charak
(c) Panini
(d) Aryabhatt
Option c – Panini
The ‘Manusmriti’ mainly deals with
(a) social order
(b) laws
(c) economics
(d) state-craft
Option b – laws
The Purushasukta, which refers to the origin of caste, is found in the
(a) Atharvaveda
(b) Rigveda
(c) Samaveda
(d) Yajurveda
Option b – Rigveda
The teacher who taught ‘Ved-Vedanga’ for livelihood, was called
(a) Acharya
(b) Adhvaryu
(c) Upadhyaya
(d) Purohita
Option c – Upadhyaya
During the Rigvedic Period word, ‘Nishka’ was used for Jewellery but in later periods it was used for the meaning of
(a) Arms
(b) Farming equipment
(c) Script
(d) Coin
Option d – Coin
The name of scripture in which ‘Purusha Megha’ was mentioned in
(a) Krishna Yajurveda
(b) Shukla Yajurveda
(c) Shatpath Brahmin
(d) Panchvish Brahmin
Option c – Shatpath Brahmin
During the Rig Vedic period Nishka was an ornament of
(a) ear
(b) neck
(c) arm
(d) wrist
Option b – neck
‘Nishka’ in ancient India was known as
(a) Gold ornament
(b) Cows
(c) Copper Coins
(d) Silver Coins
Option a – Gold ornament
In which Vedic text the term ‘Varna’ is found referred to for the first time?
(a) Rigveda
(b) Atharvaveda
(c) Samaveda
(d) Yajurveda
Option a – Rigveda
In which phase, the concept of untouchability was put clearly?
(a) Rigvedic phase
(b) Later Vedic phase
(c) Later Gupta phase
(d) Dharmashastra phase
Option b – Later Vedic phase
In the 10th Mandala of the Rigveda, which one of the following hymns reflects upon the marriage ceremonies?
(a) Surya Sukta
(b) Purusha Sukta
(c) Dana Sutra
(d) Uma Sutra
Option b – Purusha Sukta
Which of the following statements regarding Rigvedic women is not correct?
(a) They could attend assemblies and offer sacrifices along with their husband.
(b) Some unmarried women offered sacrifices on their own.
(c) Women could occupy the highest positions of authority.
(d) Women often choose their partners.
Option d – Women often choose their partners.
Consider the following statements:
- The ‘Swarajists’ advocated for the entry into legislative councils to be used as an arena of political struggle.
- The ‘No Changers’ opposed council entry, advocated concentration on constructive work, and continuation of boycott and non-cooperation.
- The differences over the question of council entry between the two schools of thought resulted in the split in Congress.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Option a – 1 and 2 only
Consider the following statements:
- Simon Commission proposed the abolition of dyarchy and the establishment of representative government in the provinces.
- Nehru report demanded complete Independence and opposed against the dominion status.
Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Option b – 2 only
Consider the following events:
- Nehru Report
- Poona Pact
- Dandi March
- First Roundtable Conference
Which of the following is the correct chronological order for the occurrence of the events mentioned above?
(a) 1-2-3-4
(b) 1-3-2-4
(c) 1-3-4-2
(d) 1-2-4-3
Option c – 1-3-4-2
Consider the following statements:
- Tolstoy Farm and Phoenix Farm were established by Mahatma Gandhi to fight against the oppression of native Africans and Indians by the British.
- The Indians protested the Transvaal Immigration Act by illegally migrating from Natal into Transvaal.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Option b – 2 only
Consider the following statements:
- Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act allowed political activists to be tried without juries or even imprisoned without trial.
- Gandhi called the Rowlatt Act the “Black Act” and called for a mass protest at all-India level.
- Rabindranath Tagore renounced the title of Kaiser-i-Hind after the Jallianwala Bagh incident.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Option a – 1 and 2 only
Who among the following was elected as the President of the All-India Khilafat Conference in 1919?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Pandit Nehru
(c) Motilal Nehru
(d) Chittaranjan Das
Option a – Mahatma Gandhi
Where did Mahatma Gandhi’s first major public appearance take place after returning from South Africa?
(a) Banaras
(b) Champaran
(c) Ahmedabad
(d) Bombay
Option a – Banaras
Which among the following qualify as the achievements of Swarajists?
- Election of Vithalbhai Patel as the speaker of the Central Legislative Assembly in 1925.
- Defeat of the Public Safety Bill in 1928 which was aimed at empowering the government to deport undesirable and subversive foreigners.
- Support to the peasants’ cause in Bengal and gaining support among Muslim members who were pro-peasant.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Option a – 1 and 2 only
Who organized Khudai Khidmatgars, also known as the ‘Red-Shirts’?
(a) Syed Ahmad Khan
(b) Abdul Ghaffar Khan
(c) Liaqat Ali Khan
(d) Aga Khan
Option b – Abdul Ghaffar Khan
Consider the following statements about the Champaran Satyagraha:
- In many regions of Bihar, the peasants were forced to cultivate indigo under the Tinkathia system.
- The cultivation of indigo rendered the soil infertile.
- The peasants were left free to cultivate other crops by the European planters once Indigo was replaced by German synthetic dyes.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Option b – Only two
Consider the following statements:
- Mahatma Gandhi evolved the Satyagraha method for the first time in Champaran Satyagraha.
- Champaran Satyagraha was launched against the Tinkathia system imposed by European planters on the Indian peasants which forced them to grow cotton on 3/20 of the total land.
- In Ahmedabad Mill Strike, the mill owners wanted to withdraw the bonus while the workers were demanding a rise in their wages.
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was a spiritual head in the Kheda Satyagraha.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 4
Option c – 3 only
Consider the following statements about the Khilafat and Non-Cooperation movement:
- Gandhi was in favour of launching satyagraha and non-cooperation against the government on the Khilafat issue.
- People from the middle classes led the movement from the beginning to the end with full vigour.
- Women and the Business class did not participate in the movement.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Option a – 1 only
Which one of the following statements is not about the Champaran Satyagraha?
(a) Leaders like Rajendra Prasad, Mazharul-Haq, Mahadeo Desai, and Narhari assisted Mahatma Gandhi in the movement.
(b) Gandhiji employed the method of Civil Disobedience during this movement.
(c) After Gandhi’s protest, the British government appointed a committee to look into the matter; however, Gandhiji was not made a member of this committee.
(d) A compromise was reached where the planters agreed to pay back 25 percent of the illegally extracted money, which was hailed by Mahatma Gandhi as a moral victory.
Option c – After Gandhi’s protest, the British government appointed a committee to look into the matter; however, Gandhiji was not made a member of this committee
With reference to the Non-Cooperation movement, consider the following statements:
- Thousands of students left government schools and colleges and joined national schools and colleges.
- Heaps of foreign cloth were burnt publicly and their exports fell by half.
- The Ali brothers gave a call to the Muslims to resign from the Army as it was unreligious.
- Strikes in tea plantations, steamer services, and Assam-Bengal Railways were organized in Assam.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2 and 4 only
Option c – 1, 3 and 4 only
With reference to the Non-Cooperation Movement, consider the following statements:
- The Indian National Congress approved the programme of Non-Cooperation at its Nagpur Session in 1920.
- The Indian National Congress’ goal changed to the attainment of swaraj by peaceful and legitimate means.
- The Tilak Swaraj Fund was established to aid India’s freedom struggle.
- One of the objectives of the Non-Cooperation movement was to find a solution to the Khilafat question.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Option d – 1, 2, 3 and 4
Consider the following statements about the evaluation of Non-Cooperation Movements:
- The Non-Cooperation Movement politicized every stratum of the population.
- Mahatma Gandhi realized that the people were now ready for a non-violent mass struggle.
- The movement brought the urban Muslims into the national movement.
How many of the statements given above are not correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Option a – Only one
Which one of the following is a very significant aspect of the Champaran Satyagraha?
(a) Active all-India participation of lawyers, students, and women in the National Movement
(b) Active involvement of Dalit and Tribal communities of India in the National Movement
(c) Joining of peasant unrest to India’s National Movement
(d) Drastic decrease in the cultivation of plantation crops and commercial crops
Option c – Joining of peasant unrest to India’s National Movement
Consider the following statements about the Ahmedabad Cotton Mill Strike:
- The issue of dispute was the discontinuation of the plague bonus.
- Mahatma Gandhi went on a hunger strike unto death for the first time to strengthen the workers’ resolve during this strike.
- The workers’ demand for a 50 percent wage hike was accepted.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Option b – Only two
Who among the following personalities signed the Poona Pact on behalf of Hindus and Mahatma Gandhi?
- Madan Mohan Malviya
- Pandit Nehru
- Subhash Chandra Bose
- Asaf Ali
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Option a – 1 only
With reference to the ‘Dandi March’, consider the following statements:
- Mahatma Gandhi broke the salt law by picking up a lump of salt at Dandi.
- The violation of the law was seen as a symbol of the Indian people’s resolve not to live under British-made laws.
- C. Rajagopalachari led the salt march in the Malabar region.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Option a – 1 and 2 only
With reference to Kheda Satyagraha, consider the following statements:
- Farmers were entitled to remission under the Revenue Code if the yield was less than one-fourth of the normal produce.
- Narahari Parikh, Mohanlal Pandya, and Ravi Shankar Vyas were some of the young freedom fighters who joined the movement.
- The struggle was withdrawn when the government scrapped the tax for the year of famine.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Option b – Only two
Which one of the following statements is not correct about Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
(a) The incident took place on 13th April, 1919, when many villagers gathered in the park for the celebration of Baisakhi.
(b) The Indian government established the Hunter commission committee to investigate the incident.
(c) The commission appointed by the British to look into the incident did not have any Indian member.
(d) Rabindranath Tagore renounced the knighthood he had been awarded by the British Government.
Option c – The commission appointed by the British to look into the incident did not have any Indian member
Who among the following persuaded Mahatma Gandhi to visit Champaran and see the plight of the indigo cultivators?
(a) Raj Kumar Shukla
(b) Braj Kishore Prasad
(c) Acharya Kriplani
(d) Rajendra Prasad
Option a – Raj Kumar Shukla
With reference to the Khilafat Movement, consider the following statements:
- The basic premise of the agitation was the uncertainty over the future of Khalifa who was dethroned after the end of the 1st World War.
- The All-India Khilafat Committee had only Muslim membership.
- The radical nationalists among the Muslims in the Khilafat Committee condemned the idea of Satyagraha and non-violence.
Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Option c – 2 and 3 only
Dharasana Salt Satyagraha is one of the famous non-violent satyagrahas of western India. How many of the following personalities were active participants of this satyagraha?
- Mahatma Gandhi
- Sarojini Naidu
- Imam Sahib
- Manilal
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) Only one personality
(b) Only two personalities
(c) Only three personalities
(d) All four personalities
Option c – Only three personalities
Consider the following statements:
- The ‘Pro-changers’ opposed council entry and advocated concentration on constructive work.
- C. Rajagopalachari and Vallabhbhai Patel were the prominent leaders of ‘Pro-changers’.
- Motilal Nehru was the President of the Swarajist Party.
Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Option d – 1, 2 and 3
With reference to the Nehru Report, consider the following statements:
- It was in response to Lord Irwin’s criticism of Indians’ capacity to create a plan for constitutional reform.
- It put forward the demand for dominion status and fundamental rights.
- The Hindu Mahasabha was opposed to the proposals of the report. In response to it, Jinnah gave his famous ‘Fourteen Points’.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Option b – 2, 3 and 4 only
How many of the following were included in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931?
- Right to peaceful and non-aggressive picketing.
- Immediate release of all prisoners jailed during the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- Constitution of a public inquiry committee into police excesses during the CDM.
- Grant of the right to make salt in coastal villages for personal consumption.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
Option b – Only two
Who among the following was a companion of Gandhiji during the Ahmedabad cotton mill hunger strike?
(a) Anusuya Ben Sarabhai
(b) Manibhai Desai
(c) Sardar Patel
(d) Moraji Desai
Option a – Anusuya Ben Sarabhai
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