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MCQ on Spectrum Chapter Wise for UPSC Students
The first railway line was started in West Bengal between
(a) Howrah to Hooghly
(b) Howrah to Raniganj
(c) Howrah to Burdwan
(d) Sealdah to Naihati
Option a – Howrah to Hooghly
Which one of the following was not a feature of railways in colonial India?
(a) The main purpose of the setting up of railways in India was to serve the interest of the empire.
(b) British capital investments were invited with 15% guaranteed interest to be paid if necessary from Indian revenues.
(c) The construction work disturbed ecology.
(d) The construction of the railways was planned in such a way that it connected the internal markets with the parts but provided no interconnection between internal market cities.
The term ‘imperial preference’ was applied to the
(a) special privileges on British imports in India.
(b) racial discrimination by the Britishers.
(c) subordination of Indian interests to that of the British.
(d) preference is given to British political agents over Indian Princes.
Option a – special privileges on British imports in India.
There was no independent development of industries in India during British rule because of
(a) the absence of heavy industries.
(b) scarcity of foreign capital.
(c) scarcity of natural resources.
(d) preference of the rich to invest in land.
Option a – the absence of heavy industries.
Prior to 1813, which among the following measures, was not adopted by the British to exploit the Indians economically?
(a) Monopolizing the trade of raw goods wherever possible and selling them at high rates.
(b) Forcing Indian craftsmen to produce quality products in fixed quantity and at a fixed price.
(c) Free trade policy.
(d) Elimination of Indian traders from the competition by every means.
Option c – Free trade policy.
Which of the following statements correctly explains the impact of the Industrial revolution on India during the first half of the nineteenth century?
(a) Indian handicrafts were ruined.
(b) Machines were introduced in the Indian textile industry in large numbers.
(c) Railway lines were laid in many parts of the country.
(d) Heavy duties were imposed on the imports of British manufacturers.
Option a – Indian handicrafts were ruined.
Which one of the following observations about India, during the 18th century is incorrect?
(a) In this period, India’s industrial and agricultural products had a steady market outside the country.
(b) While sea trade was expanded, overland trade through Afghanistan and Persia was disrupted.
(c) Constant warfare and disruption of law and order in many areas harmed the country’s internal trade.
(d) From 1757 began the special phase of the company’s trade of Bengal which was called by RP Dutt a period of industrial capital.
Option d – From 1757 began the special phase of the company’s trade of Bengal which was called by RP Dutt a period of industrial capital.
Which one of the following commercial centers declined after the mid-eighteenth century?
(a) Calcutta
(b) Madras
(c) Dhaka
(d) Bombay
Option c – Dhaka
British colonialism in India saw the emergence of new cities. Calcutta, now Kolkata, was one of the first cities. Which of the following villages were amalgamated to form the city of Calcutta?
(a) Midnapore, Chittagong, Burdwan
(b) 24-Parganas, Kalikata, Thakurgaon
(c) Sutanuti, Kalikata, Gobindapur
(d) Midnapore, Thakurgaon, Gobindapur
Option c – Sutanuti, Kalikata, Gobindapur
The development of railways was started in the reign of which Governor General?
(a) Lord Canning
(b) Lord Dalhousie
(c) Lord William Bentinck
(d) Lord Minto
Option b – Lord Dalhousie
Which thinker has told the railway system of India is the “forerunner of modern Industry”?
(a) Napolean
(b) Karl Marx
(c) William Ford
(d) Max Weber
Option b – Karl Marx
Lord Dalhousie planned for the construction of a network of railways in India in order to
(a) easily procure and export raw materials for the interest of India for export.
(b) provide a profitable channel of investment for British capital.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) provide cheap and easy means of transport in India.
Option c – Both (a) and (b)
The British introduced the railways in India in order to
(a) promote heavy industries in India
(b) facilitate British Commerce and Administrative control.
(c) move foodstuff in case of famine.
(d) enable Indians to move freely within the country.
Option b – facilitate British Commerce and Administrative control.
The first railway line in India was operationalized in 1853 between
(a) Howrah and Delhi
(b) Bombay and Thane
(c) Howrah and Bombay
(d) None of the above
Option b – Bombay and Thane
Silk routes are a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between distant parts of the world. Which one among the following is not true of silk routes?
(a) Historians have identified several silk routes over land and by sea.
(b) Silk routes have linked Asia with Europe and Northern Africa.
(c) Silk routes existed before the Christian era and thrived almost up to the fifteenth century.
(d) As a result of the silk route trade, precious metals like gold and silver flowed from Asia to Europe.
Option c – Silk routes existed before the Christian era and thrived almost up to the fifteenth century.
How did the industrial revolution in England affect the British Company’s relations with India?
(a) The company stopped exports from India to Britain as all raw materials were now mined and produced in Britain.
(b) The Indian goods were inferior in quality to the mill-manufactured goods and did not have much patronage in the local market.
(c) British goods in India became extremely cheap.
(d) The company began to export raw materials from India instead of the finished goods as was done earlier.
Option d – The company began to export raw materials from India instead of the finished goods as was done earlier.
The main emphasis of the administrative machinery of the British government in India during 1757-1857 was placed on the maintenance of Law and Order. By this, the British desired to
(a) carry on their profitable trade and to collect taxes for remission to England.
(b) trade with India and exploit Indian resources without any disturbance.
(c) send a message to the Indian masses that British rule is peaceful and just.
(d) make innovations in the administration to meet.
Option a – carry on their profitable trade and to collect taxes for remission to England.
(a) Both statements I and II are true and statement il is the correct explanation of statement I
(b) Both statements I and II are true but statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I
(c) Statement I is true but statement II is false
(d) Statement I is false but statement II is true
Option a – Both statements I and II are true and statement il is the correct explanation of statement I
Consider the following statements. I. In 1813, the East India Company Charter was renewed for twenty years. II. The long-standing ban prohibition on missionaries was removed and the British officers allowed a rapid penetration of Christian missionary organizations into company territory. III. An annual £ 10000 expenditure of government funds for education was allotted within the new Charter of East India Company in 1813. Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) Only III
(d) I, II and III
Option d – I, II and III
Which, among the following, is/are the impact/impacts of the industrial revolution in England? I. Cottage industry was replaced by the factory system of production using machines. II. It led to the overpopulation of villages. III. It led to the emergence of working-class movements. Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) I, II and III
(b) I and III
(c) Only I
(d) II and III
Option b – I and III
Consider the following statements. I. Economic affairs did not dominate civil life in India in the eighteenth century. II. Indian mercantile community showcased the great spirit of enterprise. III. Dadani system was prevalent in India-like medieval European industrial organization. Which of the statements given above is correct?
(a) I and III
(b) I and II
(c) II and III
(d) I, II and III
Option a – I and III
Assertion (A) Within half a century of the Battle of Plassey, the phenomenal prosperity of Bengal suffered a serious setback. Reason (R) The manufacture of cotton goods the most important item of export from India, enormously increased in other parts of India, while it declined in Bengal. Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Option a – Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
With reference to ‘deindustrialization’ which of the following statements is/are correct? I. This process started in 1813. II. The abolition of the monopoly trade rights of the East India Company aggravated the process. Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) Both I and II
(d) Neither I nor II
Option c – Both I and II
Who among the following Indian freedom fighters made an attempt to estimate the Per Capita Income of India?
(a) Gopal Krishna Gokhle
(b) Feroz Shah Mehta
(c) Surendranath Banerjee
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
Option d – Dadabhai Naoroji
Who is the exponent of the theory of the economic drain of India during British rule?
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) MN Roy
(c) Jai Prakash Narayan
(d) Ram Manohar Lohiya
Option a – Dadabhai Naoroji
Who remarked in 1834 that “the bones of the cotton weavers are bleaching the plains of India”?
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(b) William Bentinck
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji
(d) RC Dutt
Option b – William Bentinck
Who the leaders did among following not believe in the theory of in the drain Dadabhai Naoroji?
(a) BG Tilak
(b) RC Dutt
(c) MG Ranada
(d) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
Option d – Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
Which of the following did not form part of the so-called ‘Home Charges’ in British India? ( Spectrum Chapter Wise MCQ UPSC )
(a) Interest on public debt.
(b) Charges for civil administration.
(c) Guaranteed interest in railways.
(d) Payment of dividends to the shareholders.
Option b – Charges for civil administration.
Which of the following is wrongly matched? ( Spectrum Chapter Wise MCQ UPSC )
(a) The Pitt’s India Act (1784) – Board of control to guide and control the company’s affairs
(b) Charter Act of 1813 – The company’s monopoly of trade with India ended
(c) Charter Act of 1833 – Company’s debt taken over by the Government of India
(d) Charter Act of 1853 – To regulate the company’s affairs
Option d – Charter Act of 1853 – To regulate the company’s affairs
Consider the following statements. I. The famine of 1876-78 in Madras, Mysore, Hyderabad, Maharashtra, Western Uttar Pradesh, and Punjab is considered to be the worst famine in Indian history. II. The Dadni merchants constituted the core of the rising middle class in India before the Battle of Plassey. III. The INC adopted a resolution criticizing the Drain of Wealth from India in its Annual session held in Calcutta (1896). Which of the statements given above is correct?
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) I and III
(d) All of these
Option d – All of these
Which of the following was/were economic critic/critics of colonialism in India? I. Dadabhai Naoroji II. G Subramania lyer III. RC Dutt Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) Only I
(b) I and II
(c) II and III
(d) I, II, and III
Option d – I, II, and III
Statement I Dadabhai Naoroji argued that what was being drained out was a ‘potential surplus’ that could generate more economic development in India if invested in India. Statement II Imperialists believed that India was brought into the large capitalist world market and that was in itself progress towards modernization. Codes
(a) Both statements I and II are true, and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I
(b) Both statements I and II are true, but statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I
(c) Statement I is true, but statement II is false
(d) Statement I is false, but statement II is true
Option c – Statement I is true, but statement II is false
Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below the statements. Assertion (A) Generally, India had a favorable balance of trade during British rule. Reason (R) The drain of wealth took the form of unrequited exports. Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Option a – Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Consider the following events during British rule. I. The plundering of begums of Awadh. II. The Permanent Settlement system in Bengal. III. Beginning of the dual government in Bengal. IV. Beginning of the drain of wealth from India. Which of the following is the correct chronological order of the above-given events?
(a) IV, III, I, II
(b) IV, III, II, I
(c) III, IV, II, I
(d) III, IV, I, II
Option a – IV, III, I, II
With reference to the period of colonial rule in India, ‘Home Charges’ formed an important part of the drain of wealth from India. Which of the following funds constituted Home Charges? I. Funds used to support the India Office in London. II. Funds used to pay salaries and pensions of British personnel engaged in India. III. Funds used for waging wars outside India by the British. Select the correct answer using the codes given below
(a) Only I
(b) I and II
(c) II and III
(d) All of the above
Option d – All of the above
Which of the following statements about town planning in British India in the early 19th century is/are correct? I. The funds for town improvement were also raised through public lotteries. II. The threats of epidemics gave an impetus to town planning in the early decades of the 19th century. Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) Both I and II
(d) Neither I nor II
Option c – Both I and II
A famine of the nineteenth century, which has been described as the ‘Sea of Calamity’ was the famine in
(a) Rajputana, 1868-69
(b) Madras Presidency, 1866-67
(c) Orissa, 1866-67
(d) Bengal, 1860-61
Option c – Orissa, 1866-67
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? ( Spectrum Chapter Wise MCQ UPSC )
(a) The first strike was organized by the Indian working class in 1899.
(b) The British government announced special order of knighthood to Indian princes in 1861.
(c) East India Company set up the first indigo plantation in 1770.
(d) All of the above
Option d – All of the above
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