09 According to Lev Vygotsky, the primary cause of cognitive development is 1. social interaction 2. adjustment of mental schemas 3. stimulus-response pairing 4. equilibration

11 According to Jean Piaget, which of the following is necessary for learning? 1. observing the behavior of adults 2. belief in imminent justice 3. reinforcement by teachers and parents 4. active exploration of the environment by the learner

13 According to Kohlberg, a teacher can instil moral values in children by 1. giving strict instructions on 'how to behave' 2. giving importance to religious teachings 3. laying clear rules of behavior 4. involving them in discussions on moral issues